One of the biggest misconceptions among new deer hunters is that shot placement is simply a matter of aiming behind the shoulder. While that advice isn’t wrong, it only applies when the deer is standing perfectly broadside. In the real world, mule deer rarely cooperate by posing exactly how we’d like them to.

Every shot angle changes the anatomy you’re working with. Bones shift, vital organs become partially obscured, and the path your bullet or arrow must travel changes dramatically. Before squeezing the trigger or releasing an arrow, it helps to stop thinking about where the projectile will enter and start thinking about where it needs to end up.

As mule deer hunters, we spend a lot of time talking about rifles, optics, packs, and finding mature bucks. Those conversations are fun, but the future of hunting depends just as much on the decisions we make when nobody else is watching. In 2026, I believe there are three areas every ethical mule deer hunter should be thinking about before the season begins.

One of the hardest lessons I’ve learned as a hunter is that success isn’t measured by the number of times you pull the trigger. It’s measured by the times you don’t.

That might sound strange coming from someone who has spent thousands of hours behind rifles. During my years in the military, I learned that marksmanship isn’t just about putting rounds on target. It’s about discipline. Every shot carries consequences, and the decision to shoot should never happen simply because you can. The same philosophy has followed me into the mountains every fall.

Every January, I do the same thing.

I start looking at maps.

Long before applications are due, before arrows start flying or rifles come out of the safe, I’m already thinking about the coming season. Like many Mule Deer Foundation members, I’m usually applying as a nonresident. If I’m lucky, I’ll draw one buck tag. Maybe I’ll pick up a doe tag somewhere or have another opportunity later in the year, but the reality is that my entire mule deer season often comes down to one permit.

Every August, I go through the same routine.

Some of it is exciting, looking over maps, checking trail cameras where legal, and planning scouting trips. Some of it isn’t nearly as glamorous, like replacing worn boot laces or making sure my water filter still works.

I’ve learned over the years that successful scouting trips rarely happen by accident. They’re usually the result of taking care of the little things before leaving home.

Here’s the checklist I use before heading into mule deer country.