Active Forest Management

Mule deer and black-tailed deer evolved in landscapes shaped by natural disturbances like climate driven megafires, which historically created the mix of cover, forage, and open spaces they need to thrive. But over the past century, widespread fire suppression and reduced timber harvest have dramatically altered forest structure across much of their range. The result has been fewer healthy habitats for wildlife, increased wildfire risk, and challenges for rural communities.

Through initiatives like habitat restoration, shrub planting, and wildlife-friendly fencing, we’ve helped improve over 2 million acres of critical mule deer range. Our work supports sustainable land management and benefits a wide array of species across the American West. For every dollar donated, $0.88 goes directly to conservation efforts helping ensure a future where mule deer thrive and our North American landscapes remain wild, resilient, and full of life. Join us in protecting mule deer and the lands they roam. Support science-based wildlife conservation. Support the Mule Deer Foundation, today!

Volunteers engaged in habitat restoration planting seedlings.

Active forest management is key to restoring balance. Tools such as selective timber harvest, prescribed burning, and mechanical thinning help create the diverse habitat conditions that benefit deer while also supporting healthier forests, reducing catastrophic fire risks, and strengthening rural economies. When combined, these practices, such as harvesting to open habitat, followed by burning to promote new growth, are even more effective at sustaining long-term forest and wildlife health.

In February 2023, the Mule Deer Foundation (MDF) was recognized as one of the U.S. Forest Service’s “Keystone” Partner through a landmark 20-year Master Stewardship Agreement. This partnership positions MDF to play a leading role in improving wildlife habitat, reducing wildfire severity, protecting communities, and promoting resilient, fire-adapted forests. By including other federal, state, tribal, local, and industry partners, MDF is demonstrating how science-based, collaborative forest management can achieve multiple goals supporting deer, people, and the landscapes they share.